Doctor pointing at spinal model to explain spinal stenosis and disc compression

Treatment for Spinal Stenosis

Concerned about persistent back or neck pain? You may be dealing with spinal stenosis—a condition caused by the narrowing of spaces within your spine, which can compress nerves and cause discomfort. This guide explains what spinal stenosis is, how it’s diagnosed, and what treatments are available to help you manage symptoms and improve mobility.

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What Is a Spinal Stenosis?

Spinal stenosis occurs when the spinal canal narrows, placing pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. It most commonly affects the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) regions. The condition can be caused by age-related degeneration, arthritis, herniated discs, or spinal injuries. Congenital spinal stenosis is present at birth, while other forms develop over time.

Color-coded spine diagram with cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx labels

Types of Spinal Stenosis

  • Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing in the lower spine causing back and leg pain, often relieved by sitting
  • Cervical Spinal Stenosis: Affects the neck and may cause numbness or weakness in the arms and hands
  • Foraminal Stenosis: Narrowing of the openings where nerves exit the spine, leading to nerve compression and radiating pain

How Is Spinal Stenosis Diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically includes a physical exam and imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to assess spinal narrowing. Electromyography (EMG) may be used to evaluate nerve function. Accurate diagnosis helps determine the appropriate treatment approach and rule out other spinal disorders.

3D medical illustration showing inflamed vertebrae and spinal discs, indicating spinal infection.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

Physical Therapy: Strengthens the muscles supporting the spine and improves flexibility

Medications: NSAIDs, nerve pain relievers, and corticosteroids to manage pain and inflammation

Steroid Injections: Reduce inflammation around compressed nerves

Alternative Therapies: Chiropractic care, acupuncture, and massage

Lifestyle Changes: Weight management, posture correction, and ergonomic adjustments

Surgical Treatment Options

Surgery may be required if there’s:

Laminectomy: Removes bone or ligament pressing on the spinal cord or nerves

Foraminotomy: Enlarges the openings where nerves exit the spinal canal

Spinal Fusion: Stabilizes the spine, often following decompression surgery

Minimally Invasive Techniques: Shorter recovery time and less tissue disruption

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Risk Factors

  • Age (most common over 50)
  • Arthritis or other degenerative spine conditions
  • Prior spinal injuries or surgeries
  • Sedentary lifestyle or obesity
  • Congenital spinal canal narrowing
  • Occupations involving repetitive spine stress

Related Services

We also provide care for:

FAQ

It’s most often caused by age-related degeneration of the spine, herniated discs, arthritis, or thickened ligaments that compress nerves.

Yes. Many patients improve with physical therapy, medications, and activity modification.

If non-surgical treatments are ineffective and you’re experiencing worsening pain, weakness, or mobility issues, surgery may be recommended.

While the narrowing itself isn’t reversible, treatment can effectively manage symptoms and restore function.

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